<p>Want to set up a Free SSL on WordPress? let's start with some background of SSL. Secure Sockets Layer or SSL is used for encrypting the connection between a web browser and a web server. It is highly important for website security &amp; moreover SEO. SSL uses a mixture of public, private, and session keys encryption to safeguard a connection between a web and a client system.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>SSL Certificates, helps you to migrate your websites from HTTP to HTTPS. Typically, SSL Certificates come with a price tag, but why buy a certificate with a cost, if you can get it for free. In this article, we will learn how to set up free SSL on WordPress.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h3><strong>Configure Free SSL on WordPress:</strong></h3>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>As there are many unreliable providers as well who provide free SSL Certificates. We suggest the most authentic &amp; trusted certificate authority on the web i.e. Let's Encrypt. <a href="https://letsencrypt.org/">Let's Encrypt</a> is a non-profit certificate authority that is backed by the Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). Its mission is to make the web more secure by embracing the widespread of HTTPS.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>In order, to set up the Free SSL certificate on your Linux server with Apache, first install the <code>certbot</code> package by executing the following command.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sudo apt install certbot</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2357" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-22.png" alt="Free SSL on WordPress - Certbot Installation"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Now, the <code>certbot</code> utility is installed on your server. Moving ahead, we need to generate SSL Certificate files. You can execute the following command on your server, just you need to replace the directory <code>/var/www/sample_website</code> with the directory that contains the files served by the webserver. Moreover, you also need to replace <code>sample_website</code> with your domain name.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sudo certbot certonly --webroot -w /var/www/sample_website -d www.sample_website.com -d sample_website.com</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2368" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-32.png" alt="Free SSL on WordPress - Generating Certificates"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2369" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-33.png" alt="Free SSL on WordPress - Completion of Certificates"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>After generating certificate files, now we need to configure the Apache server so that it should point correctly to our generated certificate files. Generally, the configuration files are present in <code>/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl.conf</code> file, if it is not present then you can check <code>/etc/apache2/sites-avaialable/default-ssl.conf</code> and you can copy this file in the <code>sites-enabled</code> directory.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>For me, it was present in the <code>sites-available</code> directory so I copied the same over the <code>sites-enabled </code>directory.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2362" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-26.png" alt="Free SSL on WordPress - Apache Configurations on Linux Server"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Now open the file <code>/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl.conf</code> &amp; edit its contents to point to the generated certificates files.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2370" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-34.png" alt="Free SSL on WordPress - Apache SSL Configurations on Linux Server"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Lastly, you can execute the below commands.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sudo a2enmod headers
sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo apachectl configtest
sudo service apache2 restart</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2367" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-31-1024x504.png" alt="Free SSL on WordPress - Apache Configurations on Linux Server"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2364" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-28-1024x504.png" alt="Apache Configurations on Linux Server"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2365" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-29-1024x504.png" alt="v"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2366" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-30-1024x504.png" alt="Apache Configurations on Linux Server"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Finally, you have completed all the steps for SSL. Just open your website with HTTPS, it should work now :)</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2371" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-35-1024x533.png" alt="Apache Configurations on Linux Server"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>If you need more control over the SSL, you can install a plugin - <strong>Really Simple SSL</strong>. It has very cool features like 301 redirections, mixed content fixer, etc.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2372" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-36-1024x525.png" alt="Really Simple SSL"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Go to <em><strong>Settings</strong></em>, then click on <em><strong>SSL</strong></em>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2373" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-37-1024x461.png" alt="Really Simple SSL"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Click on <em><strong>Activate SSL</strong></em> &amp; Enjoy.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-2374" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-38-1024x461.png" alt="Really Simple SSL"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>In this way, you can set up a free SSL on Worpress - Linux Server with Apache. That's it for this article, if you have any query or suggestion, please feel free to write down in the comment section below.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/best-linux-distros">Check out our Latest Best Linux Picks</a></p>

This article covers in detail about setting up a free SSL on WordPress in a most trusted and ethical manner, if you have a Linux server with Apache. 

Set up a Free SSL on WordPress - Linux Server with Apache

<p>VS Code or Visual Studio code has gathered huge popularity and is the go-to code editor for most developers. This article most importantly will help you in providing some of the best VS Code themes that will make your VS Code editor elegant and moreover glamorous.</p>



<p></p>



<h2>Best VS Code themes [CountDown]:</h2>



<p>Let's begin with the countdown of the best VS Code Themes. There are many good themes, but I've handpicked some themes for you in order of the backgrounds, popularity and color schemes.</p>



<p></p>



<h2>5. One Dark Pro Flat </h2>



<p>One Dark Pro flat is a dark theme with great color combinations. However, it has also the huge popularity which makes this theme number 5 on our list. </p>



<p><strong>Downloads:</strong> 4000k </p>



<p><strong>Ratings:</strong> 5</p>



<p><strong>More Information: </strong></p>



<p><a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=zhuangtongfa.Material-theme" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=zhuangtongfa.Material-theme</a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-12-1024x557.png" alt="Best VS Code themes - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2327"/></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-13-1024x557.png" alt="Best VS Code themes - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2328"/></figure>



<h2>4.  Night Owl</h2>



<p>Moving ahead, we have Night owl on our list which is one of the greatest themes created for people who prefer to use dark themes. In conclusion, I must say the theme is highly good-looking.</p>



<p><strong>Downloads:</strong> 100k </p>



<p><strong>Ratings:</strong> 5</p>



<p><strong>More Information: </strong></p>



<p><a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=sdras.night-owl" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=sdras.night-owl</a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-14-1024x557.png" alt="Night Owl - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2329"/></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-15-1024x557.png" alt="Night Owl- Ittwist" class="wp-image-2330"/></figure>



<h2>3. Palenight Theme</h2>



<p>Palenight theme is a charming material-inspired theme for Visual Studio Code. One of the plus points of this theme is that it has a catchy color scheme. Moreover, I prefer this theme for coding. Also, In my youtube videos, most people find this theme super awesome that they comment most of the time asking for the theme name :)</p>



<p><strong>Downloads:</strong> 600k</p>



<p><strong>Ratings:</strong> 5</p>



<p><strong>More Information: </strong></p>



<p><a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=whizkydee.material-palenight-theme">https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=whizkydee.material-palenight-theme</a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-20-1024x557.png" alt="Best VS Code themes - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2335"/></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-21-1024x557.png" alt="Best VS Code themes - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2336"/></figure>



<h2>2. Dracula Official</h2>



<p>Further in our list of Best VS Code themes we have Dracula, it is a very popular theme created by <a href="https://draculatheme.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dracula Themes</a> for almost everything like Terminals, Shells &amp; different code editors. The developers have done a tremendous job in creating a very elegant theme for VS Code. </p>



<p><strong>Downloads:</strong> 2500k </p>



<p><strong>Ratings:</strong> 5</p>



<p><strong>More Information: </strong></p>



<p><a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dracula-theme.theme-dracula" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dracula-theme.theme-dracula</a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-18-1024x557.png" alt="Best VS Code themes - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2333"/></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-19-1024x557.png" alt="Best VS Code themes - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2334"/></figure>



<h2>1. codeSTACKr - Best VS Code Theme ** Winner**</h2>



<p>Lastly, We have a <strong>codeSTACKr</strong> theme on our list which makes your VS Code even more beautiful. </p>



<p><strong>Downloads:</strong> 30k</p>



<p><strong>Ratings:</strong> 5</p>



<p><strong>More Information: </strong></p>



<p><a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=codestackr.codestackr-theme">https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=codestackr.codestackr-theme</a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/image-1024x544.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2738"/></figure>



<p>That's all for this article. Please feel free to post in the comment section below, but in case you are having any comments, suggestions, or any other theme that you feel should be on our list. </p>



<p><a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/best-linux-distros">Check out our Latest Best Linux Picks</a></p>

Developers prefer styling the code editor for better coding experience. This article will help you in providing best VS Code themes that make your editor great.

5 Best VS Code themes that make your editor look glamorous

<p>Are you experiencing the issue of the system directly boot windows without showing grub? Stay tuned to this article in order to resolve. In order to access Windows features along with the power of Linux, Dual-booting is a preferred method for most people. After Installing <a href="http://linux.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Linux</a>, If you boot into windows then in subsequent boots system directly boot windows without showing Grub. Let's see the possible fix in order to resolve the issue.</p>

<p>If you are using Ubuntu then you can skip the first step of finding the boot file in the EFI partition, as in ubuntu it is generally located in <code>/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi</code></p>

<h2>&nbsp;</h2>
<h2>Step 1: Finding the grub boot file in EFI Partition.</h2>

<p>The first and foremost thing is to locate your EFI partition in Windows. So, let's go to the command prompt and type <code>diskpart </code>and another window of <code>diskpart </code>will be opened.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2304" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2305" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-1.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>After opening <code>diskpart</code> execute the following commands.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>list disk
select disk &lt;disk_number&gt;
list partition
select partition &lt;partition_name&gt;
assign letter=X
exit</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2306" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-2.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Select your disk where the EFI partition resides.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2307" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-3.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Then list all the partitions.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2309" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-5.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Select the system partition (In my case it is Partition 1) and assign a driver letter (say X).</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2310" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-6.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Now, just view the contents of the EFI Partition and locate your grubx64.efi partition. So, for this open your command prompt as an administrator. The go over the X: partition.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2311" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-7.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Now, let's find the path of the boot file.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2312" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-8.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>In my case it is ubuntu, so the path where the boot file (grubx64.efi) resides is in <code>/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi</code> . If you are using some other distro it might be another folder.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2313" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-9.png" alt="System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB -  Ittwist"></figure>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Step 2 : Make System Boot From Grub</strong></h2>

<p>As we have now the path of the installation file. Let's simply execute the below command for making system boot from grub.</p>

<p>Open the command prompt as an administrator and execute the below command.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2315" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-11.png" alt="Set Grub as boot manager - Ittwist"></figure>

<p>That's it - now you will be able to boot from grub :)</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h2>*In case of No Success?</h2>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>In case of no success, You can execute the below command for rollback:</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Open the command prompt as an administrator and execute the below command.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img class="wp-image-2314" src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/image-10.png" alt="Set Windows boot manager as boot manager - Ittwist"></figure>

<p>If you have any queries or suggestions, please feel free to write us in the comment section below.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/best-linux-distros">Check out our Latest Best Linux Picks</a></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

In this article we will learn how to fix issue of system directly boot windows without showing grub during dual boot for all Linux distributions.

System directly boot Windows without showing GRUB

<p>In this article, we will learn how to boot Linux from grub rescue screen. If you are looking to boot windows from grub rescue you can refer to this <a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/how-to-boot-windows-from-grub-rescue/">article</a>.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/How-to-boot-windows-from-grub-rescue-Ittwist-1024x573.jpeg" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2267"/></figure>



<h3>Steps for how to boot linux from grub rescue.</h3>



<p></p>



<h4>Step 1 - Listing Partitions from Grub Rescue:</h4>



<p>First, we need to find out our EFI partition or the partition where your boot files are stored. In order to find that we need to see all the available partitions, so simply execute the <code>ls</code> command.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ls</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/How-to-boot-windows-from-grub-rescue-LS-Ittwist-1024x469.jpeg" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2268"/></figure>



<h4>Step 2 - Listing EFI Partition</h4>



<p>After getting our directory listing, we need to find the boot partition. Generally, the boot partition has a very small size (less than 1GB) and having an EFI/ partition in it. So, In order to locate that you can simply execute the <code>ls (hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)/ </code>one by one. </p>



<p><strong>Note: The x and y are for illustration, replace x with the hard disk number, and y with the partition number</strong>.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ls (hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)/</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-114-1024x391.png" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2269"/></figure>



<p>For me, the same is found in <code>(hd<strong>0</strong>,gpt<strong>1</strong>)</code></p>



<p></p>



<h4>Step 3 - Set the Root of Grub Rescue to the EFI Partition - Selection</h4>



<p>Since we have located the partition, now we need to set the root of grub rescue to the boot partition. So simply execute the below command.</p>



<p></p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>set root=(hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-115-1024x367.png" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2270"/></figure>



<h4>Step 4 - Chainloading the Installed Linux Grub EFI File.</h4>



<p>Now, we have set the root of the grub rescue to the partition in which our boot files are present, now we need to execute the command <code>chainloader</code> for loading a boot file, and we will boot from that.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>chainloader /efi/&lt;Linux_Distro&gt;/grubx64.efi</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-117-1024x341.png" alt="GNU Grub Terminal" class="wp-image-2278"/></figure>



<h4>Step 5 - Boot Linux from Grub rescue:</h4>



<p>Finally, Let's boot to Linux by just executing the below command:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>boot</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-118-1024x385.png" alt="GNU Grub Terminal" class="wp-image-2279"/></figure>



<h3>Conclusion -  Boot Linux:</h3>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ls
ls (hdx,gpty)/
set root=(hdx,gpty)
chainloader /efi/&lt;Linux_Distro&gt;/grubx64.efi
boot</code></pre>



<p>That's it for this article, If you have any queries or suggestion please write down in comment section below.</p>



<p></p>



<p><a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/best-linux-distros">Check out our Latest Best Linux Picks</a></p>

Stuck at Linux Grub Rescue! Lets discover in this detailed article, how to boot Linux from grub rescue.                                                                                                                                                                        








How to boot Linux from grub rescue?

<p>In this article, Let's learn how to boot windows from grub rescue screen. Linux is the best platform available on the planet, it offers great customization. A highly customizable platform like Linux offers enormous benefits but has only one downside that it can potentially break your system and you can eventually land up in <a href="http://linux.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Linux</a> grub rescue screen. If you are looking to boot Linux from grub rescue you can refer to this <a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/how-to-boot-linux-from-grub-rescue/">article</a>.</p>



<p></p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/How-to-boot-windows-from-grub-rescue-Ittwist-1024x573.jpeg" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2267"/></figure>



<h3>Steps for how to boot windows from grub rescue.</h3>



<p></p>



<h4>Step 1 - Listing Partitions from Grub Rescue:</h4>



<p>First, we need to find out our EFI partition or the partition where your boot files are stored. In order to find that we need to see the available partition, so simply execute the <code>ls</code> command.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ls</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/How-to-boot-windows-from-grub-rescue-LS-Ittwist-1024x469.jpeg" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2268"/></figure>



<h4>Step 2 - Listing EFI Partition from Grub Rescue</h4>



<p>In the first step, we have got our directory listing. Now, we need to find the appropriate partitions where our boot files reside. Typically it resides in a partition that is very small in size (typically less than 1GB) and having an EFI/ partition in it. So, In order to find that you can simply execute the <code>ls (hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)/ </code>one by one. </p>



<p><strong>Note: You need to replace x with the hard disk number, and y with the partition number</strong>.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ls (hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)/</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-114-1024x391.png" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2269"/></figure>



<p>For me, the same is found in <code>(hd<strong>0</strong>,gpt<strong>1</strong>)</code></p>



<p></p>



<h4>Step 3 - Select the EFI Partition</h4>



<p>Since we have found the partition, now we need to select the partition. So simply execute the below command.</p>



<p></p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>set root=(hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-115-1024x367.png" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2270"/></figure>



<h4>Step 4 - Chainloading the Windows EFI File.</h4>



<p>Now, we have selected the partition in which our boot files are present, now we need to execute the command <code>chainloader</code> for loading a boot file, so we can boot from that.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>chainloader /efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfwi.efi</code></pre>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-116-1024x389.png" alt="boot windows from grub rescue - ittwist" class="wp-image-2271"/></figure>



<h4>Step 5 - Boot Windows from Grub rescue:</h4>



<p>Finally, you are all set to boot windows from grub rescue. Just we need to execute the below command.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>boot</code></pre>



<p></p>



<h3>Conclusion -  Boot windows:</h3>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ls
ls (hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)/
set root=(hd<strong>x</strong>,gpt<strong>y</strong>)
chainloader /efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfwi.efi
boot</code></pre>



<p>That's it for this article, If you have any queries or suggestion please write down in comment section below.</p>



<p></p>



<p><a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/best-linux-distros">Check out our Latest Best Linux Picks</a></p>

Stuck at Linux Grub Rescue! Lets discover in this detailed article, how to boot windows from grub rescue.

How to boot windows from grub rescue?

<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/pandas_logo.png" alt="pandas logo" class="wp-image-1691"/></figure>



<p>Welcome to the third and final chapter of the complete pandas tutorial from start to end. If you haven't read the initial articles, I would recommend you to read <a href="https://www.ittwist.com/blog/complete-pandas-tutorial-from-start-to-end-chapter-1/">Chapter 1</a> and <a href="https://www.ittwist.com/blog/complete-pandas-tutorial-from-start-to-end-chapter-2/">Chapter 2</a>.</p>



<h3><strong>Contents of Pandas Tutorial Chapter Final:</strong></h3>



<ul><li>Aggregating data</li><li>Grouping data</li><li>Joining different files</li><li>Writing data to Files</li><li>Becoming Pandas Master from here.</li></ul>



<p>This final chapter of our Pandas Tutorial is highly important, Let's take a deep breath and start.</p>



<h3><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Aggregating Data</span></strong></h3>



<p>If you want to aggregate the data using one or more data over a specified axis, Pandas have an agg() method for that. Let's understand using the example of the iris dataset.</p>



<p>Suppose we have a requirement to aggregate the data on the basis of sum, minimum value, or maximum value of data columns. The below code of agg() will help to achieve that. </p>



<p></p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/41c58895bb8dd0989fc7c8198dab27bf.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-13.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1730"/></figure>



<p> You must be wondering, what's the use of this function, why can't we use to describe a method for the count, min, max, etc. You are absolutely correct, you can use it. But in aggregation, there are tons of default methods that you can use. You can even create your custom aggregation function just like count, sum.  Let's see an example.</p>



<h3><strong>Custom Aggregation Functions in Pandas</strong></h3>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/255665ee88f7c011b0ba5394ee3dd86e.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-14.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1731"/></figure>



<h3><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Grouping data</span></strong></h3>



<p>The group by operation involves splitting the data, applying a function, and combining the results.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-16.png?fit=640%2C307&amp;ssl=1" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1735" width="928" height="445"/></figure>



<p>The above diagram shows the splitting of the input data in groups, then applying the function on each of the groups, then combining the results. There are classes from 1 to 4, having different marks. The splitting step involves splitting each class into four groups i.e. class 1, class 2, ... class 4. Then applying the function, in the example we applied the mean function. The final step involves combining the records.</p>



<p>Hands-on Example with iris dataset.</p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/0ca636b26e64b326fc274a9594188187.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-17.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1740"/></figure>



<p>Bonus: Using Custom Function in the group by</p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/05c54f1351fa21928b77a56edbf167cd.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-18.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1741"/></figure>



<br>



<h3><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Joining different files</span></strong></h3>



<p>In real-world problems, the data is rarely a single file. Generally, it is present in different files. We merge all files into a single unit based on our need, after that we continue our analysis.</p>



<p>In this section, we will learn how to join different files in pandas.</p>



<p>Before divings, let's see the different types of joins:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-19.png?fit=640%2C404&amp;ssl=1" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1746"/></figure>



<p></p>



<ul><li><strong>Inner Join/Inner Merge:</strong> In the inner merge, we keep the rows which are common between the left dataframe and right data frame.</li></ul>



<ul><li><strong>Left Join/Left Merge:</strong> In this merge, we keep the rows of the left dataframe, where there are no matching records in the right dataframe they got replaced by NAN.</li></ul>



<ul><li><strong>Right Join/Right Merge:</strong>  In this merge, we keep the rows of the right dataframe, where there are no matching records in the left dataframe they got replaced by NAN. </li></ul>



<ul><li><strong>Full Outer Join/Outer Merge:</strong> In this merge, we keep rows of both dataframes, where there are no matching records, they got replaced by NAN.</li></ul>



<p>Syntax:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-20.png?fit=640%2C316&amp;ssl=1" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1749" width="718" height="354"/></figure>



<br>



<p>You need to mention:</p>



<ul><li>Left Dataframe</li><li>Right Dataframe</li><li>On -&gt; The column which is common in both dataframe, sometimes the column names of left dataframe and right dataframe are different in that case use. left_on for the left dataframe column name and right_on for the right dataframe column name.</li><li>how -&gt; Specify which join.</li></ul>



<h3><strong>Deep Diving to Joins:</strong></h3>



<h4><strong>Left Merge:</strong></h4>



<p>See the example below, if we have a left join, we will keep all the rows of the left data frame. If no respective records are found in the right data frame replace the same with NAN. Just like we have Class_ID as 1, there are no matching records in Right data frame hence it will be replaced with NAN. Also, we will discard the right non-matched records, like Class ID 10 and 11.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-26.png?fit=640%2C354&amp;ssl=1" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1758" width="959" height="530"/></figure>



<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/1794927502a1da0757e08cf08988a2cf.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-22.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1752"/></figure>



<br>



<h4><strong>Right Merge</strong></h4>



<p> See the example below, if we have the right join, we will keep all the rows of the right data frame. If no respective records are found in the left data frame replace the same with NAN. Just like we have Class_ID as 10,11, there are no matching records in the left data frame hence it will be replaced with NAN. Also, we will discard the right non-matched records, like Class ID 1. </p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-27.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1759" width="1059" height="585"/></figure>



<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/4cc6d01f1cad1cb9ad0c1533af63356e.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-28.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1761"/></figure>



<br>



<h4><strong>Outer Merge:</strong></h4>



<p> In the example below, if we have an outer join, we will keep all the rows of the right data frame and left data frame. If no respective records are found in any of the data frames replace the same with NAN. </p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-29.png?fit=640%2C378&amp;ssl=1" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1762" width="959" height="530"/></figure>



<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/3c5946483e97e84074c76d66d3bc83f5.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-30.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1763"/></figure>



<br>



<h4><strong>Inner Merge (Default)</strong></h4>



<p>If we don't specify how parameter the panda's default will use inner merge, which will only consider the common records of both data frames based on the "on" parameter. Please see the image below:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-31.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1764" width="912" height="410"/></figure>



<p></p>



<p></p>



<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/10e974a0c3b6287c07bf5e538cae6e4a.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-32.png" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1765"/></figure>



<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Writing data to Files</span></strong></p>



<p>Whether you are doing any data science project or participating in a Kaggle competition, the writing of the data to the files is extremely important. There are plenty of options available in pandas for writing files to different extensions CSV, Excel, JSON, etc. Just write dataframe.to_csv for CSV to_excel for excel, etc.</p>



<p>Example for writing data to a JSON Format</p>



<br>
<script src="https://gist.github.com/pygaurav/d51f019fc50f8673524c5fc04c46a3ea.js"></script>
<br>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/image-33.png?fit=640%2C57&amp;ssl=1" alt="Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End � Chapter Final" class="wp-image-1766" width="1410" height="124"/></figure>



<p></p>



<h3><strong>Becoming Pandas Master from here</strong>:</h3>



<p> Congrats! You have covered the pandas tutorial and now you have an in-depth understanding of it. But this is not the end, mastering pandas involves immense hands-on. Since you are ready for the hands-on session.</p>



<p>Please find the below link of hands-on practicing pandas for machine learning</p>



<p><a href="https://www.kaggle.com/learn/pandas">Pandas Hands-on Exercise - Kaggle</a></p>



<p>If you have any queries or suggestions. Please drop a comment below. I Will be happy to help you :).</p>



<p></p>

In this complete pandas tutorial, we will cover the following contents i.e. Aggregating, Grouping data, Joins, Writing data to Files with Pandas.

Complete Pandas Tutorial from Start to End - Chapter Final


<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/ML-Curriculum-for-Self-Learners.jpg" alt="Best Machine Learning Curriculum for Beginners - Level 101" class="wp-image-1629"/></figure>



<p>I often see many questions by people (mostly self-learners) newly coming into this grossing field that "how can we start to learn Machine Learning?", "what is the best machine learning curriculum for Beginners? "or "What is the curriculum that every self-learner must follow?".</p>



<p>I already created a separate post for <a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/how-to-learn-machine-learning-quickly-roadmap" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">how can I learn machine l</a><a href="https://www.ittwist.com/blog/roadmap-how-to-learn-machine-learning-quickly/">earning?</a> and this is the post for the second question i.e. what is the curriculum of machine learning for self-learners?</p>



<p>There are plenty of curriculums already made over the internet but I connected with various data scientists in my connections having rich experience in this field. </p>



<p>So after summing up all of the discussion. I am creating this curriculum for you. You can follow that in order to master machine learning.</p>



<p><strong>Note:</strong> This covers only Machine Learning, not deep learning</p>



<p>I have divided the curriculum into three levels.</p>



<h3>Machine Learning Curriculum for Beginners</h3>



<ul><li>Level 1 (Complete Novice).</li><li>Level 2  (Knows Mathematics but not Data Science basics).</li><li>Level 3 (Knows Mathematics, Data Science basics but not ML).</li></ul>



<p>According to your level of expertise, you can iterate between different levels accordingly. </p>



<p>I am specifying a high-level curriculum for Level 1 and Level 2. As it is the prerequisites required for learning machine learning. </p>



<h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Level 1: </span></h2>



<p>The first level involves learning mathematics.</p>



<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Learning Mathematics:</span></strong></p>



<ol><li>Linear Algebra</li><li>Calculus</li><li>Probability and Statistics</li></ol>



<p></p>



<p>If you are wondering where to learn. Please follow:</p>



<p></p>



<p><a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/how-to-learn-machine-learning-quickly-roadmap">How to Learn Machine Learning Quickly � A Great Roadmap</a></p>



<p><a href=""></a></p>



<h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Level 2:</span></h2>



<p>The second level involves learning Data Science.</p>



<ol><li>Numpy [<a href="https://www.numpy.org/devdocs/user/quickstart.html">Link</a>]</li><li>Pandas [<a href="http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/">Link</a>] [<a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/complete-pandas-tutorial-from-start-to-end-chapter-1">Chapter 1</a>] [<a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/complete-pandas-tutorial-from-start-to-end-chapter-2">Chapter 2</a>] [<a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/complete-pandas-tutorial-from-start-to-end-chapter-final">Chapter 3</a>]</li><li>Matplotlib [<a href="https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/index.html">Link</a>]</li><li>Seaborn [<a href="https://seaborn.pydata.org/tutorial.html">Link</a>]</li></ol>



<p></p>



<p></p>



<h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Level 3</span></h2>



<p>Machine Learning Curriculum</p>



<ol><li>Importing the Dataset + Practice </li><li>Exploratory Data Analysis + Practice </li><li>Data Preprocessing + Practice </li><li>Handling Missing Data + Practice </li><li>Feature Scaling and Selection + Practice </li><li>Scikit Learn Library</li><li>Bias Variance Tradeoff</li><li>Introduction to Supervised Learning + Practice </li><li>Linear Regression with one variable  + Practice </li><li>Linear Regression with multiple variables and Regularization  + Practice </li><li>SVMs  + Practice </li><li>Logistic Regression + Practice</li><li>Naive Bayes  + Practice </li><li>Decision Tree  + Practice </li><li>Introduction to Ensembles  + Practice </li><li> Random Forests  + Practice </li><li>K-Nearest Neighbour  + Practice </li><li>PCA  + Practice </li><li>Introduction Unsupervised Learning</li><li>Clustering - DBScan, KMeans  + Practice </li><li> Cross-Validation and Grid Search CV  + Practice </li><li>Stochastic Gradient Descent for Classification and Regression  + Practice </li><li>Time Series Analysis  + Practice </li><li>Bagging and Boosting Techniques + Practice </li><li>XGBoost, CATBoost, LighGBM + Practice </li><li>Kaggle Ex-Competition Practice</li></ol>



<p></p>



<p>References: [<a href="https://scikit-learn.org/stable/tutorial/index.html">SciKit Learn Documentation</a>]</p>



<p>I will post the series of Intuitions and Jupyter notebooks in upcoming posts using the prefix "ML-Series" or you can also find them by looking into the category "Machine Learning Series". Stay Tuned for more updates.</p>



<p>If you have any queries or suggestions, please feel free to drop a comment below.</p>


Machine learning is one of the grossing fields. This article Machine Learning Curriculum for Beginners, developed industry experts.

Best Machine Learning Curriculum for Beginners - Level 101

<p>I see many people wonder how to create a symbolic link in Linux, so I thought to create an article on this topic. Symbolic links also termed soft links are very useful in Linux. A symbolic link is a special kind of file in Linux that points to another file. It's just like a shortcut if you are coming from Microsoft Windows or an alias if you are coming from Macintosh OS. In this article, we will learn how to create a symbolic link in <a href="https://linux.org/" data-type="URL" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Linux</a>.</p>



<h4>Lets begin with How to create a Symbolic link in Linux:</h4>



<p>the command <code>ln</code> is used to make the link between the files. There are two types of links one is the soft link or symbolic link another one is the hard link. If we specify -s then it means that it is a soft link or symbolic link.</p>



<p>The usage of <code>ln</code> command is as follows:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ln -s &lt;Source Directory&gt; &lt;Symbolic Link&gt;</code></pre>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-30.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2048"/></figure></div>



<p>Suppose we have a directory in our home directory - say, <code>Dir</code> and we have further two directories inside that, one is <strong>A</strong>, other is<strong> B</strong>. Inside <strong>A</strong> directory there are further two directories i.e <strong>C</strong> and <strong>D</strong>. The<strong> B</strong> directory has one file inside it say, <code>abc.txt</code>. Now let's create a symbolic link between directory <strong>D</strong> and <strong>B</strong>. </p>



<p>We can easily create a symbolic link with the below command.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ln -s A/D B</code></pre>



<p>A symbolic link will be created from the D directory to the B Directory.</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator"/>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Symbolic-Link-Ittwist-1024x724.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2049" width="768" height="543"/></figure></div>



<p>Now If you see the contents of the B Directory it has a symbolic link of D Directory.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-31.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2050"/></figure></div>



<p>If you see the contents of the <strong>B</strong> Directory you will see the soft link represented by <code>D -&gt; A/D</code></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-32.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2051"/></figure></div>



<p>Below is the output of the <code>ls --recursive</code> which states that due to symbolic link you have a directory <strong>D </strong>present inside the <strong>B</strong> directory but not vice-versa.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-33.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2052"/></figure></div>



<p>If you delete the D directory, the parent directory will not be deleted since it is a symbolic link only.</p>



<p></p>



<p>Now, Let's take one another example of creating the <strong>files</strong> and editing it via symbolic links.</p>



<p>Lets create a directory inside the home directory named as <code>File</code> &amp; create a file inside that <code>hello.txt</code></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-34.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2053"/></figure></div>



<p>Further let's add some content inside the <code>hello.txt</code> file.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-35.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2054"/></figure></div>



<p>Time to create a symbolic link of <code>File/hello.txt</code> as <code>hi.txt</code> in home directory.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>ln -s File/hello.txt hi.txt</code></pre>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-36.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2055"/></figure></div>



<p>Since we have created a symbolic link, now lets see the contents of <code>hi.txt</code></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-37.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2056"/></figure></div>



<p>As expected, we have the same output  <code>hi.txt</code> as of <code>hello.txt</code> since the symbolic link is created. Further, we will try to change the contents of <code>hi.txt</code> and see whether the contents of <code>hello.txt</code> is changed or not.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-38.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2057"/></figure></div>



<p>Now lets see the contents of <code>hello.txt</code></p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-39.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2058"/></figure></div>



<p>Now lets try to delete the <code>hi.txt </code>file and again check if there is any impact of the same on<code> hello.txt </code>or not. </p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-40.png" alt="How to create a Symbolic link in Linux" class="wp-image-2059"/></figure></div>



<p>There is not any impact of deleting the file, So there is one conclusion if you delete a file, only a symbolic link file will be deleted the original file will stand unchanged and if you write a text inside the symbolic link, the original file will also get changed. That's it about symbolic links.</p>



<p>There are lot more things we can do with symbolic links, I mostly install my own software tarballs from the web &amp; then utilize the symbolic links for creating links to directly executing them. I will cover that in the next article. If you have any queries or suggestions on this article, please write in the comment section below. </p>



<p>Also if you are interested in learning how to set the Linux environment variables permanently you can visit this <a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/how-to-set-environment-variables-in-linux-permanently/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">article</a>.</p>



<p></p>

Symbolic links are useful in linux. In this article let's learn how to create a Symbolic link in Linux.

How to create a Symbolic link in Linux?

<p>If you are coming from the Mac OS environment to Linux, then probably you have one question in mind that "Is there any good spotlight alternative for Linux?". There are many alternatives to spotlight in Linux, but <a href="https://albertlauncher.github.io/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Albert</a> is very ahead in this race. In this article, I will provide you the top 3 reasons why <strong>Albert</strong> is an amazing choice for you.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-92.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2166"/></figure></div>



<h4>Installation</h4>



<p>Below are the steps, you need to execute for installing Albert. </p>



<ol><li>Download the Albert installation file using this <a href="https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=home:manuelschneid3r&amp;package=albert" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">link</a>.</li></ol>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-86-1024x560.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2160"/></figure></div>



<p>2. Install the download File. I am using Debian so I will use deb files for Debian. If you want to learn how to install a deb files you can refer to this <a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/install-deb-files-in-linux/">article</a>. </p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-84.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2158"/></figure></div>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-85.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2159"/></figure></div>



<p><em>It's Installed</em>. You can simply execute the Albert. Now, you need to set a hotkey, you can set <code>Ctrl+Space</code> &amp; set the theme according to your choice.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-89.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2163"/></figure></div>



<p>Let's go to the extensions tab, and give the appropriate extensions of your choice :)</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-90.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2164"/></figure></div>



<p>Now, you can simply press <code>CTRL+Space</code> to execute Albert.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-91.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2165"/></figure></div>



<h4>Reasons why to choose Albert for Spotlight alternative for Linux</h4>



<p><strong>1. Nearly same experience like spotlight.</strong></p>



<p>You will get nearly same experience like spotlight. You can even search web, execute terminal commands, search files, search applications &amp; use calculators.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-93.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2167"/></figure></div>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-94.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2168"/></figure></div>



<p><strong>2. Multiple Themes &lt;3</strong></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-95.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2169"/></figure>



<p>You can choose themes of your choice whether you like Dark or Light mode, you can choose any.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-97.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2171"/></figure></div>



<p><strong>3. Extremely Customizable, have ability to add multiple extensions.</strong></p>



<p>You can even set your own search paths for searching the files on the hard drive. One can easily customize it.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img src="https://api.ittwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image-99.png" alt="Spotlight alternative for Linux - Ittwist" class="wp-image-2173"/></figure></div>



<p>That's it! Now I think you'll be pretty convinced about using Albert. You can also check out our top picks for the <a href="https://ittwist.com/blog/best-linux-distros">best Linux distros</a>. If you have any queries, please feel free to write in the comment section below.</p>

Looking for a spotlight alternative for Linux, we have great reasons why Albert is a great choice for you.

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